Roofs

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INSTRUCTOR: Revit offers a few ways to make roofs.

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We have the footprint roof, which

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is sketched very similar to a floor element,

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and we have extrusion roofs which

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are sketched a little differently

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and offer some alternate roof shapes.

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So let's start with the footprint roof.

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Now, to do so, I'm going to open up the level 2 floor plan,

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and we're going to work on this left-hand portion

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of the building over here.

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So if you go to the roof dropdown, roof by footprint

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is the first option and it's very similar to creating

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floor elements.

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So if you look at the Ribbon tab you'll

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see that it's got a lot of the same defaults.

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We're drawing boundary lines, we have pick walls.

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The only real major difference is

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that by default, when you create a footprint roof,

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the edges will be set to defines slope.

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So what exactly does that mean?

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Well, let's just go in here, accept all those defaults,

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and click on the walls that make up the first roof that we

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want to create.

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In my case, I was able to click the inside edges of the walls.

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But if you got the outside edges,

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notice that there's a flip grip right here

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and you can easily click that and it

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will flip the entire sketch, either inside or outside.

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So let's click Finish to see what that gives us,

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and I'll go back to the 3D view, hold down the Shift key,

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drag the wheel a little bit to tip down and look at it,

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and you can see the kind of roof that that created.

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Now, in some cases, that may be the appropriate shape.

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But I think for this building, we probably

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want something a little bit simpler.

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So you can select the roof and make any modifications

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that are necessary.

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Now, if you just wanted to change the slope,

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that would be easy enough and you could do that right here

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on the Properties Palette.

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But you can also go to Edit Footprint,

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and that just takes you right back

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into the sketch where you can make modifications.

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So in this case, I'm going to click down into the right,

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and drag a crossing window until it selects all of the lines

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except for this last line to the far left,

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and then I'll uncheck the defines slope checkbox.

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Now, watch the small triangles disappear when I do that.

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So now those edges no longer define slope.

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If we click Finish, we end up with a single sloping slab now,

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but it's still quite steep.

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So I can come back to the slope here

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and instead of

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to something much shallower like 1/4 inch over 12.

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So put in 1/4 and then the inch symbol, press Enter.

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And that means for every 1/4 inch rise,

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it's going to do

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and when we apply that, the slope will become

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much shallower and more appropriate

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for that portion of the building.

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So let's repeat that process and add a second footprint

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roof to the upper portion of the building.

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So roof by footprint, and you can work right here in 3D.

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But if you do, it will ask you what level

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you want to build the roof at.

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So here's the list of levels and I

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will build this one at the roof level, and then answer yes.

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The defaults call for defines slope.

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So I'm going to set the first line

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as this line back here with defined slope turned on.

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Then I'm going to turn that off and continue going around

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the remaining edges.

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Now, remember there are six edges there total.

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Now, you'll see that this time it

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went to the outside face of the wall.

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So I will click my flip grip to flip all of those

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and push them to the inside face,

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and then I'll turn off these tools by clicking Modify.

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That disables everything.

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That allows me to come back and select one of the existing

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sketch lines and modify it, and instead of 9 and 12,

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I'll put in 1/4 inch, press Enter.

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And now when we click Finish, we'll

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get another simple

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shed roof up in the top portion.

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So those two are both pretty simple.

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So let's direct our attention over here to the atrium area.

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For this area, we're going to use a different kind of roof.

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We're going to use a roof by extrusion.

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Now, to get started, let's open up the level 1 floor plan,

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and let's zoom in here near the front entry between columns J

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and K.

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And what we want to do is draw a reference plane first

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because the roof by extrusion tool is also sketch-based,

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but instead of sketching in plan you're

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going to sketch on a vertical plane.

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So we need to establish that vertical plane.

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So we're going to go to the Architecture tab

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and click the Ref Plane button or type RP.

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Click two points across the front of the building parallel

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to grids J and K, doesn't matter where you draw it

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because we'll come back and edit this dimension,

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and place that at 10 feet away from grid K.

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Next, where it says Click to name,

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go ahead and click on that, and then type in atrium roof.

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And then I'll click the Modify tool to cancel.

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So a reference plane is similar to a level or a grid.

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It's-- think of it like a guideline and we're going

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to use that plane to draw our sketch on.

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Now, you need to go to a view that looks right at this plane.

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So the south elevation is a good choice.

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And let's zoom in.

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So we're going to go to the roof dropdown,

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but this time choose roof by extrusion.

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And when you do, the first question it will ask

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is what work plane do you want to work on?

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And because we went to the trouble of creating a reference

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plane and giving it a name, that named reference plane

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will show up on the list here, and we can

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use that as our drawing plane.

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Now, you may have also noticed that all the grid lines show

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there, too, so if you want, alternatively, you

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could draw on any of your grid lines.

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So I'm going to choose atrium roof and click OK,

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and then it still needs to associate

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with one of your levels.

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So in this case, the atrium roof is the best choice, this level

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right here.

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So I'll click OK, and that puts me in sketch mode.

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This sketch mode is similar, but there

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are some subtle differences.

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So let's get started by just using the line option

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here, the default option, and I'm

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going to snap to the end point at the bottom

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of the rightmost wall.

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And I want you to pull it straight up and slightly

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to the left of grid line 10 and watch that angle dimension

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on the side.

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And just bend this until that angle says 94 degrees

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and then just click anywhere to set the other end

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point of the line.

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So it doesn't matter how long it is, just

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as long as it's 94 degrees.

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Now, notice that you're in chain here.

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So it's still connected.

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Press Escape to disconnect that chain.

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Now, next we want to work lined up

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with the roof level here atrium roof,

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but we want to go to the left of grid 9.

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So locate the first point about 5 feet off of grid 9

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and right on the atrium roof, and then click, and then

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pull it down from atrium roof.

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And again, it doesn't matter how long, as long as the angle

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is about six degrees and click.

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And then let's click the Modify tool to cancel out of there.

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As you've seen from other sketch modes,

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you can't have these open gaps in your sketch,

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it needs to be closed.

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So we're going to go to trim and extend to corner or TR,

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and I want to trim this line and I

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want to keep this lower portion here.

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And that will connect them together and create a corner

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joint there.

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Now, here's the difference between an extruded sketch

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versus a footprint sketch.

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The extruded sketch is open-ended.

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You don't need to wrap it around because the thickness

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of the roof is going to come from the roof itself.

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So it doesn't need you to do that shape.

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You only need to do the shape of the roof itself like

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I have here these two planes.

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So that's all I need to do and I'll click the Finish button

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here to complete the roof.

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So notice that the thickness gets applied to that sketch,

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and it looks pretty good over here at this end.

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But at this end it's doing something a little weird

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down at the bottom.

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We can easily correct that by coming over here

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to the rafter cut choices and there are three options.

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And if you choose

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will square off that bottom edge and it

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will look a little bit better.

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Let's take a look at what this is giving us in 3D.

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So let's click our 3D view and zoom out slightly.

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And what you'll see is the extruded roof

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started where the reference plane was drawn

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and extruded back the full depth of the building.

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So Revit just sort of guessed that we

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wanted to go back as far as the last wall in our building here.

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Well, it turns out that it really

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want this to be a little bit shorter.

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Now you could just eyeball it with this grip.

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But notice here that that grip is actually

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controlling the property on the Properties Pallet

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called extrusion end, and I prefer

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to put it in numerically because it's a little more precise.

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So let's put it in 70 right there and press Enter--

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that's going to be 70 feet--

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and that will shorten that extrusion roof

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and set it to a precise size.

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So now, all that remains is for us

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to do a little bit of cleanup.

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You can kind of see through the roof

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to the curtain walls underneath, and if we hold the Shift key

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and sort of orbit around, you could

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see that those curtain walls don't actually go up

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to the height of the roof.

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Furthermore, we've got this wall here now,

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which is really no longer necessary.

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So let's go ahead and select that wall and delete it.

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Then I'm going to select this curtain wall,

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hold the Control key down this curtain wall,

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hold the Shift key orbit with the wheel, and this curtain

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wall.

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So you want to make sure you're getting the curtain walls not

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the mullions.

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If you have any trouble selecting them,

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you could try doing it in floor plan instead.

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Now, with those selected, I want to attach them

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to the underside of that roof.

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So I'm going to use my attach top and base command,

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and then I'll click anywhere on the roof.

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Now, initially, that will generate a warning

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and highlight a bunch of stuff in orange,

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and this is to be expected because you're

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going from a rectangular shape to an irregular shape,

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so some of the mullions are no longer valid

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and some of the objects you would

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expect to need to be deleted.

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So let's click Delete elements and see what this gives us.

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And it looks fine here and over here.

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But as you can see here, not at all satisfactory.

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So let's click the Undo button and reverse that.

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And it turns out that we can solve this problem by moving

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this roof ever so slightly.

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So I'm going to actually do that in floor plan.

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I'm going to go to level 1, select this extruded roof,

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go to my move command, pick any start point,

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start moving to the right, and I'll type in 2 inches.

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Not 2 feet, 2 inches.

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So it moves over just a little bit then

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I'll select this curtain wall, hold the Control

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key, this curtain wall, pan down, Control

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key, and this curtain wall.

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It should say walls 3 right here.

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Go to Attach top and base, select this roof.

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Once again, we'll get the error.

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This time when we click Delete elements, however, and then go

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back to 3D, you should get a much more satisfying result.

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So now you can see that the curtain walls are

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matching the underside of that roof and it looks quite nice.

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Now, if you wish you can repeat the process

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that we did for these two roofs here

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and here, and create a final roof

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over the top of the atrium.